Every year in our tradition of Old Ways Witchery, we create a Samhain Ancestor Bottle. This bottle is created as a symbolic invitation to departed loved ones, that they may be present and commune with us. Ancestor Bottles are made shortly before Samhain and are then placed on the Samhain altar. The bottle is to be skull shaped, made of clear glass, and filled with the following:
Black Sand
Dried Wormwood.
Black Obsidian and Clear Quartz stones.
Handwritten names and/or photos of departed loved ones.
Other objects may be added, such as your own hair, nails, teeth and blood. These items form a physical link between you and those departed ones you wish to invite.
The bottle can then be further decorated any way you choose.
Seal the bottle and contents with industrial strength glue.
Alternatively, you may choose to place a black candle into the opening of the bottle, and light it during your Samhain ritual.
The process of making the bottle infuses your energy into it. When it is complete, hold the bottle in both hands, close your eyes and take several deep breaths until you reach a meditative state. Mentally place your intention within the bottle to invite your departed loved ones, and say..
“With this bottle, I invite (state names) to be present and communicate with me”.
Then place the bottle on your Samhain altar. Cast the Ancestor Summoning Spell provided below. During your ceremony, keep a journal or notepad near your altar to write down any information, impressions or images you receive. Talk to your ancestors as though they were standing right next to you. Ask questions, ask for advice, tell them how you feel. The veil is thin and they are listening. Ask them to communicate with you.
On November 2nd, break open the bottle and retrieve any photos or items you wish to keep. Dispose of the rest of the contents along with the bottle. Make a new bottle every Samhain. Skull bottles are available online, or at craft stores especially near the end of September and during the month of October. They must have some sort of seal: cork, glass stopper, lid, etc, so that the contents can be tightly sealed inside.
Ancestor Summoning Spell
For this spell you will need the following:
1 small beeswax candle
Sandalwood or Dragon’s Blood incense
1 six-inch round mirror
Cast your circle as usual. Place the mirror in a holder so that it is standing upright and turned slightly so that your face is not reflected in it. Light incense and place near the mirror. Carve a five pointed star on the side of your candle and light it. Place candle near the mirror so that it is not reflected. Turn off all lights except for candle flame and natural lighting. Close your eyes and take several deep breaths until you reach a meditative state. As clearly as you can in your mind’s eye, visualize the departed loved one(s) you wish to communicate with. It is best to call on them one at a time. Speak into the mirror, saying the following:
“Through Mist and Shadow, Smoke and Flame
In this portal of glass I speak your name
I call upon (speak departed loved one’s name) to communicate with me
By the powers of the Land, the Sky and the Sea”
Gaze into the mirror for a few moments and be open to any impressions, feelings, scents or images you receive. Ask questions and quietly listen. Close your eyes for a few minutes at a time to “tune in” to the unseen realms and then return your gaze to the mirror. Keep a notepad handy to write anything down.
This spell is best performed on Samhain night, when the moon is high in the sky. Communication and spirit presence continues for as long as the candle flame burns. You may allow the candle to burn down completely or snuff it out when you have ended your ritual. Dispose of any un-used portion of the candle.
The modern pagan holiday of Mabon is celebrated on the Autumn Equinox, which takes place between September 21st and 23rd. It is the second harvest festival of the year, between Lughnasadh and Samhain. The name Mabon for this holiday was first assigned by Aiden Kelly, an influential Wiccan in the 1970’s. Mabon is the name of a figure from The Mabinogion, a collection an ancient Welsh tales. His story is many-layered and filled with hidden meaning. It must be understood that there is no historical evidence that Mabon was celebrated by ancient Celts. However, if we read between the lines, we can find some connections. In the story, we see how Arthur and his men traveled through the realms of Land, Sea and Sky to find and rescue Mabon. Each of the animals they encounter share their own unique wisdom. The Blackbird speaks of the Smith’s Anvil. The Great Stag speaks of the Oak Tree. The Owl speaks of the Ancient Forest. The Eagle speaks of the Standing Stone. The Salmon speaks of the Ocean and the Castle of Light. We see how the Castle of Light is also a place of Darkness. We see how Arthur brings Mabon out of the darkness and into the Light. This is one of those tales that are infused with hidden meaning. Re-visit this story in meditation and explore what each of these symbols may mean for you personally. Consider the following:
• The Smith’s Anvil represents our skills and talents, and how we survive in the material world.
• The Oak Tree indicates our spiritual selves and experiences with the Otherworld.
• The Standing Stone remind us of mystical lore, storytelling and tradition.
• The Salmon points us to the search for truth and wisdom.
What lessons do you see in this story?
In modern Druidry, the Autumn Equinox is named Alban Elfed, or “Light of the Water”, marking the balance of day and night before the darkness overtakes the light. We now enter the dark half of the year. While there is nothing in the story of Mabon that directly connects him to the Autumn Equinox, we can still look to his story for inspiration. One lesson from the story is the importance of having gratitude and appreciation for the wisdom we have gained from life experiences. We learn the importance of embracing both the dark and light aspects of ourselves. Indeed, at the Autumn Equinox, the day and night are of equal length. It is called by some, “The Witch’s Thanksgiving”, a time to give thanks to our deities and guides for the harvest in our lives. What have you accomplished and achieved in the past year? What have you harvested in your own life?
Our personal harvests are not only material things we can see, but also can apply to new knowledge and wisdom, lessons learned or a new determination to make our lives better. At the Autumn Equinox, we celebrate the harvest, both on the table and in our personal lives. Decorate your Mabon altar with fruits, nuts and vegetables, pumpkins, acorns, tree leaves and bark. Use colors such as brown, tan and orange. Corn dishes, breads, apple cider and pumpkin pie are popular foods at this time. Set a new personal harvest for the coming year, and carve the word Mabon on the side of a beeswax candle. Visualize your goal manifesting into reality.
Dragons have existed in all times and cultures, and can be viewed as winged serpents. In occult lore,the serpent guards the secrets of the Underworld. Dragons, likewise, have been associated with the guardianship of certain treasures. In this regard, these “treasures” can be viewed as magical secrets and hidden knowledge. The Dragon represents that which is unknown and hidden. The word dragon comes from the Greek verb derkein which means “to see”. Working with the dragon in our magical rituals helps to reveal hidden wisdom and give us a clearer understanding of subtle forces at work around us. It helps us to see our own hidden potential. The dragon is an obvious symbol of the element of Fire. As such, it represents magical power. If we work with dragons as intelligent beings and otherworld entities, our magic can be greatly enhanced. The dragon embodies all that is related to Fire: the will, authority, courage and bravery. Dragon energy exists in all realms of the land, sea and sky, and wherever fire, flame or smoke are present. In some witchcraft traditions, the ruler of Fire is the Salamander, a creature that is said to exist in every flame. The dragon features prominently in Arthurian lore and Celtic fairy tales. Nwyfre, the life force energy in the Druid tradition, is also associated with the dragon. To work with dragon energy, you can do the following:
• Place a dragon statue or figurine on your altar or magical working area.
• Light a red or orange candle to represent the Spirit of the Dragon.
• Visualize a dragon spirit in your magic circle.
• Invite the dragon to assist with your magical workings.
“Witches are deeply connected to the powers of the night. When the moon rises, and many begin preparing for sleep, this is when the abilities of the witch are strongest. It is during the night-time hours, particularly between 3am-5am, when astral interference is at it’s lowest ebb. The chaotic energies generated by social interactions, cellphones, traffic and other anxieties of the day have ceased, if only for a short time. During this time the spells cast by a witch can flow unhindered through the ether. The powers of psychic suggestion and magical intention reach their destinations with less impedance. One does not have to wait until 3am, of course, but it is prudent for the witch to wait until night has arrived and the moon is high in the sky. The night has a special kinship with the word occult, which simply means hidden. In the same way that the night hides and obscures, occult wisdom is hidden from those without the awareness to comprehend it. Witches are the hidden ones. They do not fear the night, for they wear it as a cloak. Witches have long been associated with the night, as they themselves are creatures of the night. The night is a conscious force with it’s own tangible energy. The darkness of Night is the realm of potentiality, the nothingness from which all things emerge. All things are birthed out of darkness, from the plants that rise from beneath the earth to the child that emerges from the darkness of the womb. Psychic information flows more freely when it comes from the potentiality of the darkness of the night. Divination tools such as the tarot and the crystal ball seem to be particularly enhanced in the night-time hours. Witches are among those who identify as the ‘Nightkind’ or the ‘Otherkin’, sharing space with beings of faery, spirit and even vampire. This includes dark neo-pagans and other magical practitioners who have a preference for the dark and gothic. This is not evil or malevolent, but simply a matter of personal taste. As witches, we are meant to embrace both the Darkness and the Light. Both are necessary if we are to be balanced magical practitioners”.
My new book, “ReAwakening The Witch: Practical Exercises to ReAwaken Your Magical Self” will soon be available on the Amazon and Barnes & Noble websites.
Many have attempted to define what magic is, but those definitions are superficial at best, for how does one define something that is simple yet complex, tangible yet intangible, seen yet unseen? It exists all around us and within us. It’s laws and rules often seem contradictory, a paradox. We do not often see the magic while it’s working, yet it’s subtle energies are constantly around us. Some have described magic as the art of partnering with the forces of Nature and the Universe, along with one’s own inherent mystical gifts and abilities, to bring about desired change and transformation. This is a correct description, but it only scratches the surface. It is not merely something we do, but something we are. Some have only a romantic notion of magic, speaking of it in terms of “the magic of friendship and imagination”. Those things are magical, yes, but it is so much more than that. Magic has the power to transform, to enlighten, to awaken. Magic has the ability to make the impossible possible.
When we hear someone speak of magic, it is not always clear what they mean exactly, so it would seem some further explanations are in order. A popular definition of magic is “the art of causing change to occur in conformity with will”. It is not as simple as it sounds. Where one desires this change to occur will determine the kind of magic one will use to bring about such change. There are times when the change is inward rather than outward.
We could say that magic exists in three distinct forms that often overlap. These can be called Practical, Natural and Spiritual. They represent the Mind, Body and Spirit. These three forms can be broken down even further into more specific types of magic. All magic ultimately involves the manipulation of unseen forces to create change. The ways of magic are available to all who wish to learn them, but unless one has the proper mindset to comprehend the underlying principles and how to set them in motion, the magic will lack power and effectiveness. One of the mysteries of magic is the precept that certain actions in the visible world can influence the invisible. Before something can come to manifest on a physical level it must first be created on an astral level.
Practical Magic is directed toward a specific goal or intention, with the use of spells and incantations, along with various tools and correspondences that have a direct link to the desired goal. It is used primarily to bring visible changes in one’s day-to-day life, such as health, prosperity or protection. Finding a job, paying the bills, overcoming an illness, these are all examples of practical magic. It is magic for everyday practical needs, to bring something beneficial or remove something harmful. Practical magic is somewhat of an art and a science. The formula for a spell may look simple at first glance, but certain components must be in place before it will work. It is not a matter of simply lighting a candle and burning a few herbs. With practical magic, there are a few things that must always be included in your spellwork if you want to achieve a successful manifestation. First, you will need some way to alter your consciousness. This can be achieved with meditation, controlled-breathing, chanting or drumming. By reaching a deeper level of consciousness, you become more attuned to the astral realms and will be better able to effect change within them. Meditation is a regular practice for those who wish to live a magical life. Next, you must have a clear intention. Know exactly what it is you want, and focus all of your energy and visualization toward it’s manifestation. If you are unsure about what you want, or you do not truly desire it, it will not happen. Thirdly, you will need an effective way to raise and direct energy. This can be done a myriad of ways, including chants, drumming, dancing, singing or burning written incantations ( a spell that is first spoken). Once you have cast your spell, you will begin to see what appear to be seemingly un-related coincidences take place, and your goal will soon manifest into physical reality. Spells used for practical magic can be individualized, and this is recommended, as it is very true that a spell you write yourself will carry much more power than one you find in a spell book. Practical magic need not have a religious or spiritual aspect, as not all magical people acknowledge deity, but if you have a particular Goddess, God or Spirit Guide on your side, your magic will be stronger and more powerful. Practical magic is deceptively simple and yet remains decidedly complex. This is the Mind of Magic.
Natural Magic is the mystical force that exists in the realms of Nature and the Universe. It is the divine, living essence that dwells in trees, flowers, plants and crystals. It is in the stars and planets, the Sun and the Moon. It is in the elements of Earth, Air, Fire and Water. This is “the magic that is all around us”, as some casually say. It is not enough to simply have these things within your view. Their energies must be tapped into and called forth. Every plant, every tree, every flower, stone and crystal contains it’s own unique powers, it’s own spirit and personality, waiting to be awakened and put to use. Likewise, the planets in our solar system all have their own unique energies. Nature desires to communicate, teach and interact with us. Our partners in Nature have the ability to heal and protect, calm and soothe, or assist with such practices as Divination and Astral Projection. Those who live magically are at one with the forces of Nature and the Universe. These gifts of Nature can be seen all around and above us, yet their subtle energies remain unseen. This is the Body of Magic.
Spiritual Magic is that inner spark that draws us to the deeper mysteries. It is the constant tug at our souls to reach for deeper wisdom and a closer connection with our divine guides. Rituals that honor Goddesses and Gods, Spirit and Animal Guides, or Ancestors could be called spiritual magic, including any rituals with the purpose of forging a deeper bond with those guides. Rituals and practices that promote inner growth and personal development, the strengthening of intuitive and psychic abilities, Chakra healing, reiki, divination, meditative journey work and some forms of shamanism fall under the category of spiritual magic. Spiritual magic helps us tap into our personal power. Through this kind of magic, we come to recognize our own divine nature, and we receive divine wisdom from those spiritual beings who guide and protect us. This is the Spirit of Magic that lives within, tangible yet intangible.
Some live by faith, but witches live by magic. Multitudes of books have been written about how to do magic, yet very few have addressed the importance of living magically, and how to allow oneself to be completely infused with magical energy. How does one ignite the flames of the cauldron within? Those who walk in true magical power are those who have learned how to stay connected to the elements and to their own personal power. They have forged a strong, abiding relationship with their deities and spirit guides. They have cultivated a mindset to believe that literally anything is possible, recognizing that things once thought to be fantasy may be real after all. Magic is not dark or light, black or white. Magic is neutral, and the practitioner takes responsibility for the way he or she chooses to use it. When the Mind, Body and Spirit of magic are in unity, one is truly walking the path of the wise.
There are a number of practices used by witches that tap into the mystical and the unseen. Not everyone who engages in these practices is necessarily a witch, but these are practices commonly used by witches. We will examine each one, and then look at other mystical ideas connected to the witch.
The first of these is meditation. Through visualization and controlled-breathing techniques, the witch learns how to clearly visualize a goal and enter a brain wave state known as Alpha. This is a state in which the mind is relaxed yet still aware, in a sort of daydream state. The witch then turns this passive daydream state into an active energy, picturing a goal in the mind’s eye as though it has already happened. Another benefit of a regular meditation practice is the quick development of extra-sensory perception. Meditation helps us become more sensitive to the unseen realms, alerting us to the activity and beings who dwell in these realms. This type of sensitivity will only come from a disciplined meditation practice. Through meditative techniques, the witch walks ‘between the worlds’, staying connected to the realms of the seen and the unseen. Meditation is the key that will unlock many doors of mystical practice.
Divination is the practice of obtaining information through various magical tools, such as tarot cards, runes, ogham staves or the crystal ball. There are many forms of divination, including the interpretation of the wind as it blows through the trees, candle wax drippings and the flight of birds. The word ‘divination’ suggests that this information comes from a divine source. Divination is a mystical practice that takes time to develop. Some find they are more receptive to one kind of divination, others will work with several different forms. Divination is best performed while in the Alpha state.
Gnosis, a Greek word meaning ‘awareness’, occurs when we are granted certain information from a divine, otherwordly source. It may come from a deity we that have a relationship with. Gnosis may come from the spirits of plants, stones or trees. Gnosis may come from nature itself. Often the information we receive through personal gnosis is not meant to be shared with others. It is knowledge that usually comes unbidden, a sudden “knowing”. There is much debate on the topic of personal gnosis, as there are many who will demand to know the author, chapter, page and book where such information was obtained. The reality is that information gained through personal gnosis may not necessarily have been published in a book somewhere. The universe in it’s vast wisdom is not limited to sharing only information that is found in published works. If a person feels they have received wisdom through personal gnosis, then it would best to write it down, ponder it and keep it to oneself until such time arrives that it is meant to be shared with others, if at all.
Psychic abilities are mystical gifts that many witches possess, and could also be considered forms of gnosis. Many of these gifts were developed since childhood, when many first discover their unique abilities. Clairvoyance is the ability to know or see events happening at a long distance. This also includes the ability to see or sense things in one’s present environment that others do not. Clairaudience is the ability to hear things that others cannot, such as music, conversations or sounds. Clairsentience would be almost the same as personal gnosis, a sudden awareness of information about a person, place or situation. Other psychic abilities include the awareness of events to happen in the near future, smelling or tasting things that others cannot, or receiving information through dreams.
There are many witches who seem to have heightened senses during a particular season of the year and on certain days and times. Many have strong mystical connections to specific environments and places. When such instances occur, we must pay attention to these impressions and look within to discover what they mean for us.
All of this brings us back to meditation. I will repeat what I said earlier: Meditation is the key that will unlock many doors of mystical practice. If you learned nothing else from this post, just remember that a consistent and disciplined meditation practice will take you very far on your path as a witch.
Beltane or Beltaine is the anglicised spelling of Old Irish Beltain, and Scottish Gaelic Bealltainn, the Gaelic name for either the month of May or the festival that takes place on May 1st. Some wait until astrological Beltane, at the midpoint between the Spring Equinox and Summer Solstice. In 2024, this happens to be on May 4th. In Irish Gaelic, the month of May is known as Mí Bhealtaine or Bealtaine, and the festival as Lá Bealtaine. In Gaelic folkore, the village’s cattle were driven between two fires to purify them and bring luck (Eadar dàtheine Bhealltainn in Scottish Gaelic, ‘Between two fires of Beltane’). In Scotland, boughs of Juniper were sometimes thrown on the fires to add an additional element of purification and blessing to the smoke. People would also pass between the two fires to purify themselves. In Wiccan traditions, Beltane is the celebration of the courtship of the Goddess and the God. The Earth is beginning to flourish. The trees are growing greener, and life has returned. It is a very sensual holiday, a time of joining together, as the Goddess and God consummate their love for one another. The dance around the Maypole is symbolic of this union. The Maypole (a phallic symbol) is erected with colorful ribbons attached. As each person dances around the Maypole holding the end of a ribbon, the last couple to reach the end is crowned the May Queen and May King. It is a dance that symbolizes the weaving of human life with the life of Nature. The Maypole is also a symbol of vegetation returning to the land as Summer approaches. It is a perfect time for spellwork that involves bringing a project to completion. Beltane is a highly creative and erotic holiday. It is a time to create something new, form new unions, and put away the past. The lighting of bonfires is a traditional practice on Beltane, to ensure the fertility of our households and in our own lives. It was common on Beltane for couples to run off into the woods to do what comes naturally. This is also a time when the veil between the worlds is thin again(the other time is at Samhain), and communication with loved ones who have passed on is possible. The doors to the Faery Realm have opened, and they frolic among us. Beltane is one of the four Celtic festivals. The others are Samhain, Imbolc and Lughnasadh.
There are very few mentions of the herbalist goddess Airmed in Celtic lore. We know from the stories that she is a healer from the Tuatha de Danann, one of the groups of Gods and Goddesses of Pagan Ireland. She comes from a family of healers. Together with her father Dian Cecht (a god of medicine) and her brother Miach ( a god of surgery), she tended a sacred spring that brought the dead back to life. A 15th century Celtic manuscript (Dindsenchas) tell us:
“The slain and mortally wounded were cast into a healing well over which Dian Cecht, his son Miach and his daughter Airmed sang incantations, and all were restored to full vigor.”
Dian Cécht was the healer for the Tuatha De Danann. He made King Nuada a silver arm which could move and function as a normal arm. Later, Dian Cecht’s son, Miach, replaced the silver arm with an arm of flesh and blood, and Dian Cecht killed him out of envy. Miach’s sister, Airmed, mourned over her brother’s grave. As her tears fell, all the healing herbs of the world grew from the grave. Airmed arranged and catalogued them, but then Dian Cécht again reacted with anger and jealousy and scattered the herbs, destroying his daughter’s work as well as his son’s. For this reason, it is said that no human knows the healing properties of all the herbs. Airmid still remembers the powers of the herbs, and can teach us their secrets.
Through her, we may learn to use and appreciate the sacred power of plants. Her medicinal herbs were powerful, offering cures for every part of the body. Airmid’s herbs continue to have power, whether in seed and root, bud and stem, or flower and leaf. Fresh or dried, the herbs still have effect. She works through nature’s cycles, and through the energy that connects the body’s joints and sinews. Through our work in ritual with Airmid, we can learn to harness the healing powers of herbs and plants, to bring healing to ourselves and those around us.
Looking Deeper with Dian Cecht and Airmid
AIRMID:
What is your current relationship with the plant world? Do you have a garden? What are your favorite plants? Prepare a space where you can begin planting the herbs and plants that we work with in Old Ways Witchery. Some of them, such as Blackthorn and Mandrake, may need to be obtained online. Call upon Airmid for guidance with planting and tending.
Begin a study of the medicinal qualities of various herbs and plants. Include in your studies the uses of herbal teas and flower essences.
Airmid is a compassionate healer. She encourages us to bring healing to others from a place of compassion and knowledge, rather than boastfulness or pride.
DIAN CECHT:
Lore surrounding Dian Cecht tells us that his symbol are two crossed branches of oak and mistletoe. These are items that can be used to evoke his presence.
His actions remind us not to compare our gifts with those of others. Let us put aside envy and jealousy, and seek to learn from those who have excelled in their craft.
Seek his strength after times of trial and struggle. He is a healer of those in battle.
Another interesting thing often mentioned in the old Celtic legends is the working of magic through singing. Various tales have mentioned how healing, joy and rest were bestowed upon others through song or the playing of an instrument. This type of singing seems to be intuitive and inspired, rather than a specific song with words. In the story of Dian Cecht, Airmid and Miach, we see how they incorporated the singing of incantations. It is a powerful thing to experience, intuitively singing while doing healing work. It doesn’t have to be lyrical, just sing as you feel guided, and sense the healing energies flowing from you to the recipient. If you have written a healing chant, practice setting it to music and singing it aloud when doing healing work for others. This is another magical skill that cannot be learned from a book or a physical teacher, one that must be developed and brought out from within, with the help of our spiritual guides and gods.
The witch must have knowledge of the magic at hand and how to effectively set it in motion. The witch must know beyond any doubt what he/she wants. Plants, stones and symbols are chosen carefully, according to goal and purpose. Spells are performed at the most auspicious times, with astrological and celestial influences taken into account. Chants and incantations are prepared in advance. The witch must know how to cast a circle, evoke the elements, raise energy and direct it toward the desired goal.
To Dare
The witch must dare to take responsibility for his/her actions when working magic, and when accessing the unseen realms. To be a witch is to dare to walk between the worlds. Bravery and strength of mind are necessary when interacting with otherworldly entities and elemental forces. The witch must dare to initiate contact with these entities and forces, for the purposes of communication and relationship.
To Will
The witch must maintain complete concentration and focus on the task at hand, remaining impervious to distraction until the magical working is finished. Desire for the goal must also be sufficiently strong to effect a manifestation in the astral realm, which will eventually manifest in the physical realm. When the spell has been cast, the witch must also have the strength of will to put it out of the mind so that it may follow it’s course unhindered.
To Keep Silent
The witch must remain silent about any magical workings performed, so that the Old Ways are not profaned by those who do not comprehend them. Magic is a sacred art, meant to be shared only with those of like mind. The witch must also have the wisdom to keep silent around those who are hostile to the Old Ways and those who practice them.
Those who walk the path of witchcraft must form a bond with the elements of Earth, Air, Fire and Water. By understanding these forces of Nature, and interacting with them, our own abilities are strengthened and we become more attuned to the world around us. It is important that we increase our awareness of what is happening in Nature around us at all times. We take many things for granted. Start paying more attention to what is happening in the sky above, on the ground below, and in the waters around you. There is much wisdom to be found there. Watch the flock of geese in the winter sky, observe the wildlife in the forest or in your own backyard, gaze at the glowing embers of wood as they burn in a fireplace, sit beside a stream and listen as the water flows over rocks and fallen branches. All of these things have magic in them, and hidden wisdom for us to receive, if we will only listen. The hills and forests, the wind that caresses our skin, the flame of a candle and the rushing stream all have their own unique energies that we can tap into. We ourselves contain these elements inside us. Earth is represented in the flesh on our bodies, Air is our breath and the oxygen in our bodily system, Water is our blood, and Fire represents our very soul, who we are as individuals.
Let’s examine the elements in more detail:
EARTH
The Earth is alive, continually growing and transforming, yet many take it for granted. As we go to-and-fro in our busy lives we sometimes fail to see the beauty around us, and we lose that connection to the living Earth. The symbol for Earth is a downward-pointing triangle with a line through the middle, and the color usually associated with Earth is Green. In the witch’s circle and on the altar, Earth is placed in the North. In many circle-casting traditions, North is where the circle both begins and ends, as elemental Earth helps us to remain grounded and clear-thinking during our magical rituals. Earth is considered to be a vessel of the Goddess, as she nurtures and cares for it, giving birth to Nature with the help of her consort, the God. Indeed, all green, growing things such as flowers, plants and herbs are part of Earth. The trees and forests, mountains and valleys, and even animals are ruled by the element of Earth. Metaphysically, Earth represents groundedness and stability, growth and practical living on the material plane. Money, home, career and the Root Chakra are all linked to the element of Earth. In Astrology, the Earth signs are Capricorn, Taurus and Virgo. In Witchcraft, the planet Earth is viewed as alive and sentient. Also linked to Earth is the image of the Green Man, a pre-Christian symbol depicting a man’s face/body made entirely of green foliage. In Celtic lore, the Green Man is a protector and guardian of the Earth and animal life. Cernunnos is an ancient Celtic deity also linked to Earth, and he as well is a guardian of the forests and animals who live there. He is a man with antlers on his head, and he is dressed in animal skins. He carries powerful, transformative magic, which can be a bit primal and dark at times, but he forces us to look within and examine our own darkness. He assists us with integrating a balance of dark and light, and draws us ever closer to the powers of Earth. His symbolic animal is the Stag. Another animal linked to Earth is the Serpent. Magical lore tells us that the Serpent guards the entrance to the Underworld, and is symbolic of transformation and the darkness within all of us. Both Cernunnos and the Serpent remind us that both Dark and Light are necessary for our growth. Placing too much emphasis on one or the other puts us out of balance. We must acknowledge that we have a dark side, and then integrate it into our lives in a healthy and balanced way. On the witch’s altar, the element of Earth is traditionally placed in the North. Use salt, crystals, a mound of earth or dried herbs in a dish, or a live plant to represent the Earth element on your altar.
To form a bond with the element of Earth, spend some time outdoors to observe the Nature around you. Take regular walks in the park, or go hiking through national parks or forests, absorbing all the sights, sounds and smells. Notice how the environment transforms through the changing seasons. Walk barefoot in the Summer grass, collect acorns in the Fall, watch the birds flying south in the Winter, Get your hands dirty and plant some flowers in the Spring. Grow your own herb garden. Plant a few trees. There is something mystical about bare trees in winter. They are completely bare, all of their leaves have long since fallen, but as their bare branches dance in the wind, there is a glimmer of hope. They seem to convey a message: We are only sleeping. Life will return to us, but for now it is time to look within. Our branches are exposed and you can see our nakedness, our darkness, but soon we will be covered with leaves again. As you examine us, we ask you to retreat within and examine yourself. Discover what lies hidden, and life will return to you .
Many people go about their day-to-day lives completely oblivious to the beauty of the Earth around them. The trees, flowers, plants and animal life that exist around us, even if we live in a metropolitan area, deserve our attention. Devote some time to spend outdoors, take a book and sit under a tree, walk through a park and absorb the natural energies of the Earth. Listen to the birds in the trees, take some nuts for the squirrels. Purchase some birdseed or food for other animals you may see. Take your shoes off and walk barefoot through the grass. Lie down in the grass, close your eyes and allow Earth energy into your body. Befriend the animals who live in your neighborhood, and they will do the same for you. Get to know the flora and fauna in the area where you live.
AIR
The color traditionally associated with Air is Yellow. In Astrology, the Air signs are Gemini, Libra and Aquarius. All forms of communication and self-expression are linked to the Air element. Writers, artists, musicians, teachers, actors and other performers all have the Air element at work in their lives. All birds of the sky are linked to Air. All forms of Divination and interaction with the Faerie Realm are closely tied to the element of Air. On the witch’s altar, use a feather, a wind-chime or a censer (a fancy word for incense burner) to represent Air. In Witchcraft, Air is placed in the East. Air rules the sense of smell, as aromas are carried through the air to the nostrils, and the sense of hearing, as sound travels through the air to the ear. The Tarot suit associated with Air are the Swords. Swords in the Tarot represent our thoughts, decisions and actions. These are Air attributes. Other attributes associated with Air are intellect, creativity, the mind, breath, inspiration and wisdom. Those who are closely attuned to Air are writers, teachers, musicians, artists, singers, dancers, actors and storytellers.
To form a personal connection to the Air element, go outside on a breezy day. Close your eyes and focus your attention on the wind and the air as it blows around you. Listen to the rustling of the leaves on the trees as the wind blows through them. What do they seem to be saying? Start a creative project. Write some poetry, create a scrapbook, learn to play a musical instrument. Observe the birds in the sky, examine their flight patterns. Pay attention to your feelings and impressions as you do this. Learn a form of divination. Purchase a tarot deck, oracle cards, a pendulum or runes and learn how to use them. Develop your intuitive skills.
WATER
The color associated with Water is Blue, and this element is linked to emotions, intuition, adaptability, compassion and the Goddess. The element of Water helps us become more compassionate and adaptable to change. One of the qualities of Water is that it is free-flowing, and will adapt it’s shape to whatever object it is placed in. It adapts to change.
In Astrology, Water signs are Cancer, Pisces and Scorpio. All fish and other creatures that swim are associated with Water, as are mythological creatures such as the Merpeople. Crystals that can be used for the Water element are Pearl and Quartz. Plants with Water energy are the Lotus Flower, Aloe and Dittany of Crete. Deities associated with Water are Neptune, Poseidon and the Celtic God Manaanan Mac Lir. In Witchcraft, Water is placed in the West and many witches have a small dish of water on their altars. In the Tarot, the suit of Cups is linked to Water. Cups cards in the Tarot all relate to our emotions and feelings, and how our lives are influenced by them. According to Witchcraft lore, the guardians of the element of Water are known as Undines. They are believed to be half-human and half-fish, and are also known as Merpeople or Merfolk. Mythological Water creatures can also be called upon as a spirit guide or animal totem. Magical tools associated with Water are the Chalice, Cauldron and Bowl. To represent the element of Water, place a seashell, a Mermaid figurine, or a dish of spring water in the West quadrant of your altar. Standing on the beach in the early hours of the morning is quite mystical. It is a magical in-between place where one is literally at the center of land, sea and sky.
If you are not near the ocean, you can still tap into the energies of Water. Of course, the best place to connect with the Water element is by an ocean, lake, river or stream. Sit by a source of water, close your eyes, reach a meditative state and listen to it as it flows, crashing upon the shore or rushing over rocks. Sprinkle some water on yourself and ask it to reveal it’s mysteries. If you’re not near a ocean or a park stream, take a ritual bath to connect with Water. Think about how important Water is to our survival, and the ways we take it for granted. Are you drinking enough water? We can ask the guardians of Water to help us stay in control of our emotions, and to help us adapt to the changes in our lives.
FIRE
Fire is both enchanting and fearsome. It has the power to destroy, and the power to send spells out into the ether, empowering our magic (along with Earth, Air and Water) so that we may attain our goals. It is beautiful and dangerous, at the same time. Fire brings to mind images of the soft glow of candlelight, a roaring flame beneath a cauldron, and the fire-breathing Dragon of myth and legend. The color usually associated with elemental Fire is Red. In the witch’s circle and on the altar, Fire is placed in the South, although some traditions place it in the East. When placing items on your altar to represent the Fire element, you can simply light a red/orange candle, or use such crystals such as Amber, Carnelian, or Citrine. Any crystal with a red/orange/yellow color will do.
Plants that represent Fire are: Cinnamon, Cinquefoil, Clove, Dragon’s Blood, Marigold, Sunflower, and Snapdragon. The astrological Fire signs are Aries, Leo and Sagittarius. According to Witchcraft tradition, the elemental ruler of Fire is the Salamander. The Salamander is believed to be a spiritcreature of fire, made of fire, living within the flames. Some say the Salamander has a lizard-like appearance, or can even take on a human form. Larger Salamanders are known as Fire Drakes (Dragons). Other animals associated with Fire are the Lion, Dragonfly and Scorpion. Solar/Fire deities that can be called upon are Brigid, Lugh, Mabon, Aries, Mars, Helios, Ra, Horus, Loki and Freya. Magical tools linked to the element of Fire are the Wand, Athame and Sword. In the Tarot, the suit of Wands is linked to Fire. Wand cards in the Tarot give guidance regarding our will and actions. In a magical sense, Fire represents our strength of will, our actions and passions. Strong emotions can be motivated by the element of Fire within ourselves. People who have difficulty with anger management or uncontrolled sexual lust are said to have an over-abundance of Fire in their natures. Those who are very driven in their career goals or creative endeavors, as well as those with strong, aggressive personalities have the Fire element at work in their lives. There are many who choose to make their dreams a reality, while others just passively coast through life with a “whatever happens” attitude. Some of us could use a little more Fire. Some of us have too much! In most traditions, witches use a Wand, Athame or Sword to cast the magic circle, and visualize a flame coming out of the end as the circle is cast. This flame, along with the elemental rulers of Earth, Air, Fire and Water, guards and protects the circle from harmful energy for the duration of the ritual, until the circle is opened and released at the end.
A simple spell is to place a candle in the cauldron at the center of your altar. From this candle, light a piece of parchment paper on which has been written an incantation (these are spoken first and then burned) or affirmation, and let it burn completely out in the cauldron. When working with Fire, there are safety issues to consider. If you light something on fire indoors, (even incense), be aware of smoke and your smoke-alarms. If you can, light incense near an open window. Some types of incense create more ash and smoke than others, so be aware of this. Be cautious when wearing long, flowing robes with low sleeves that can easily be ignited by a candle flame. Be sure there is a fire extinguisher nearby, just in case.
A Simple Ritual To Connect With The Element of Fire
Close your eyes and take several slow, deep breaths until you reach a meditative state.
Open your eyes, and place a small red candle in a holder.
Light the candle and gaze at the flame. Do not stare at it intently, but allow your gaze to soften as you watch the flame flicker and dance.
Think about the importance of Fire in your life, and consider your goals and ambitions. Do you have the necessary drive to accomplish them? Have you been procrastinating? Tell yourself now is the time to take action to achieve your goals.
Consider the Fire aspect of your personality. Do you have anger issues? Are you more passive or aggressive in your interactions with others? Ask the guardians of Fire to help you reach an equal balance of both.
As you gaze at the candle flame, ask the element of Fire to make itself known to you in the coming weeks. Write down any impressions you receive in a special journal.
Put out the candle with a candle-snuffer, and re-light it later, or allow it to burn all the way down on it’s own.
Witches forge a strong connection to the elements and the spirit of the land. It is not enough to merely acknowledge their presence. The powers of Earth, Air, Fire and Water are living energies that wish to reveal their mysteries to us through a deep, personal connection. We must spend time acquainting ourselves with each of these elemental forces, on an experiential level, if we hope to have their assistance in our lives. Allow Nature to be your teacher and guide.
For review, use the information below to include the elements on your home altar or magical working area:
Earth (North): A dish of salt, crystals, antlers, snakeskin, a bowl of dried herbs, or a live plant.
Air (East): An incense burner, feather, small wind-chime or bell.
Fire (South): A candle, piece of Amber or a dragon statue.
Water (West): A bowl of spring water or a seashell.
Witches of the Old Ways always connect to the elements when weaving their spells and enchantments. They are partners with us in our magical workings. Begin today by developing a stronger bond with Earth, Air, Fire and Water.
Old Ways Witchery 